CONVERSION AND SENTENCE

Lesson – 8

CONVERSION AND SENTENCE

What is Conversion of sentence?

বাক্য গঠনের পরিবর্তনের সাথে সাথে বাক্যের অর্থের পরিবর্তন ঘটলে, তাকে Conversion of sentence বা বাক্যের রূপান্তর বলে।

Rules of Conversion of sentence :

Affirmative to Negative

1.      Present Indefinite Tense-ত্র Verb ‘to be’ (am, is, are)- ত্রর পরে not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I am a girl.	I am not a girl.
He is a boy.	He is not a boy.
You are well.	You are not well.

 

2.      Present Indefinite Tense- ত্র have বা  has-ত্রর পরে not a বা no বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I have a pen.	I have no (not a) pen.
You have a book.	You have no (not a) book
He has a pencil.	He has no (not a) pencil.

 

3.      Present Indefinite Tense-ত্র মূল Verb-ত্রর পূর্বে do not বা  does not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
We eat rice.	We do not eat rice.
You write a letter.	You do not write a letter.
He goes to school.	He does not go to school.

 

4.      Past Indefinite Tense-ত্র Verb ‘to be’ (was/were)- ত্রর পর not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
He was a student.	He was not a student.
They were present.	They were not present.

 

5.       Past Indefinite Tense-ত্র had- ত্রর পর no বা  not a বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I had a book.	I had no(not a) book.
He had a ball.	He had no (not a) ball.

 

ব্যতিক্রম :  Have,has ও had যদি principal Verb রূপে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাহলে Negative করতে do not বা did not বসে। Have বা has–ত্রর বেলায় do not ত্রবং had –ত্রর বেলায় did not বসে ত্রবং had তখন have –ত্র পরিবর্তন হয়। যেমন-

 

Affirmative	Negative
I have a ball.	I do not have a ball.
He had a doll.	He did not had a doll.

 

6.      Past Indefinite Tense- ত্র মূল Verb- টিকে Present form করে তার পূর্বে did not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I drink water.	I did not drink water.
He wrote a letter.	He did not write a letter.
We went to market.	We did not go to market.

 

7.      Future Indefinite Tense- Verb- ত্রর পূর্বে not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I shall go to Comilla.	I shall not go to Comilla.
He will read tomorrow.	He will not read tomorrow.
They will play football.	They will not play football.

 

8.      Present, Past, Future Continuous Tense-ত্র মূল Verb- ত্রর পূর্বে not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I am going to school.	I am not going to school.
He was reading a book.	He was not reading a book.
I shall be writing.	I shall not be writing.

 

9.      Present, Past, Future Perfect Tense- Perfect Continuous Tense-ত্র মূল Verb-ত্রর পূর্বে not বসিয়ে। যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I have done the work.	I have not done the work.
He had gone to market.	I had not gone the market.
I shall have written.	I shall have not written.

 

10.  বাক্যে Can, could, may, might, must, ought to ইত্যাদি থাকলে মূল Verb- ত্রর পূর্বে  not বসিয়ে Negative করতে হয় । যেমন-

Affirmative	Negative
I can go there.	I can not go there.
I must come.	I must not come.
He should help you.	He should not help you.

 

Assertive to Interrogative

1.      Present Indefinite Tense- ত্রর Assertive Sentence-কে Interrogative করতে হলে Verb ‘to be’ (am, is , are), Verb ‘to have’ (have, has), কর্তার পূর্বে বসাতে হয় ত্রবং বাক্যে Verb ‘to be’ Verb ‘to have’ না থাকলে Verb ‘to do’ (do, does) কর্তার পূর্বে বসাতে হয়। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I am a girl.	Am I a girl?
He is a boy.	Is he a boy?
You are well.	Are you well?
I have a doll.	Have I a doll?
He has a ball.	Has he a ball?
I eat rice.	Do I eat rice?

 

2.      Can, may, must, ought- কর্তার পূর্বে বসিয়ে Interrogative করতে হয়। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I may come in.	May I come in ?
He can do it.	Can he do it ?
I must go.	Must I go ?

 

3.       Past Indefinite Tense- ত্রর Assertive- কে Interrogative-করতে Verb ‘to be’ (was/were), Verb ‘to be’ (was/were), Verb ‘to have’ (had) কর্তার পূর্বে বসাতে হয় ত্রবং  Verb ‘to be’ Verb ‘to have’ শূন্য বাক্যে কর্তা্র আগে did বসাতে হয় আর মূল Verb Present form-ত্রর হয়। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I was present.	Was I present ?
You were absent.	Were you absent  ?
He had done it.	Had he done it ?

 

4.      Future Indefinite Tense-কে Assertive থেকে Interrogative করতে shall/will কর্তা্র আগে বসাতে হয়।যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I shall go home.	Shall I go home ?
He will come.	Will he come  ?

 

5.      Present  Past Continuous Tense-ত্র কর্তা্র আগে am, is ,are ত্রবং  was were বসাতে হয় ত্রবং মূল Verb কর্তা্র পরে বসে। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I am going  home.	Am I going home  ?
He was coming.	Was he coming ?

 

6.      Future Continuous Tense- ত্র shall বা will কর্তার পূর্বে বসে ত্রবং be ও Verb কর্তা্র পরে বসে। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I shall be writing.	Shall I be writing ?
He will be going.	Will he be going ?

 

7.      Present ত্রবং Past Perfect Tense-ত্র have, has বা had কর্তার পূর্বে বসে ত্রবং Verb-ত্রর  Past Participle কর্তা্র পরে বসে। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I have gone to market.	Have I gone to market ?
I had done the work.	Had I done the work ?

 

8.      Present Perfect Continuous ত্রবং Past Perfect Continuous Tense-ত্র have, has বা had কর্তার পূর্বে বসে ত্রবং বাকি অংশ কর্তা্র পরে বসে। যেমন-

Assertive	Interrogative
I have been going for two hours.	Have I been going for two hours ?
He had been coming for six hours.	Had he been coming for six hours ?

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.       নিচের Sentence –গুলোকে Negative Sentence -ত্র পরিণত কর  :

 

(a)    I am a boy.

(b)   You are absent.

(c)    They are happy.

(d)   I can swim.

(e)    Mina goes to school.

(f)    She is a good girl.

(g)    It is raining now.

(h)   I learn my lessons.

(i)     He was well.

(j)     I eat rice.

 

2.       নিচের Sentence –গুলোকে Interrogative Sentence -ত্র পরিণত কর  :

 

(a)    I am eating rice.

(b)   They are playing.

(c)    He sings a song.

(d)   I read English.

(e)    He work in the field.

(f)    I have a beautiful garden.

(g)    My brother is going to Dhaka.

(h)   I shall help you.

(i)     He is swimming in the river.

(j)     He did the sun.